U.S. Geological Survey: Surface-Water Historical Instantaneous Data for the Nation: Build Time Series
The USGS historical data base contains historical surface water discharge volume data for all 16,658 surface water sites that have current conditions. 

This dataset is associated with the following publication:
Landis , M., A. Kamal, K. Kovalcik , C. Croghan , G. Norris , and A. Bergdale. The Impact of Commercially …