MethanePlumeBank: Synthetic Methane Plume Bank from WRF-LES Simulations

Description

Synthetic methane plume bank generated from WRF-LES 4.7.0 atmospheric simulations (Gorroño et al., Zenodo doi:10.5281/zenodo.18161182). Contains 1,064,448 ΔXCH4 maps [mol/mol] at 20m resolution spanning 11 wind speeds, 12 wind directions, 9 multisource and 5 areasource plume geometries, 3 temporal snapshots, 8 Solar Zenith Angles, and 24 Solar Azimuth Angles. All plumes are normalized to a reference emission rate of 3000 kg/h and scale linearly. Intended for synthetic data augmentation in satellite-based methane plume detection models.

Dataset Overview

8 partitions

Spatial Coverage

Click on any region to view partition details

Keywords

methane plume-detection synthetic-data WRF-LES Sentinel-2 Landsat EMIT remote-sensing earth-observation data-augmentation greenhouse-gas

ML Tasks

regression segmentation

TACO Structure (Root-Sibling Uniform Tree)

Hierarchical structure showing representative samples across levels. The "..." notation indicates additional samples following the same pattern. All samples at the same level share identical structure (RSUT constraint).

Hierarchy Details

Level	Types	Total Samples	Sample IDs (preview)
Level 0	`All FILE`	1,064,448	Root level samples

Metadata Fields by Level

These fields are available for querying with SQL when using TacoReader.

LEVEL0 (12 fields)

Field Name	Type	Description
id	string	Unique sample identifier within parent scope. Must be unique among siblings.
type	string	Sample type discriminator (FILE or FOLDER).
methane:source_type	string	Simulation type: 'multi' (point sources) or 'area' (distributed)
methane:wind_speed	float	Geostrophic wind speed [m/s]
methane:wind_dir	int16	Wind direction [degrees, 0=North]
methane:plume_id	int8	Plume identifier (multi: 1-9, area: 1-5)
methane:snapshot	int16	WRF-LES snapshot index (70, 90, or 110)
methane:sza	int8	Solar Zenith Angle [degrees]
methane:saa	int16	Solar Azimuth Angle [degrees, 0=North]
methane:q_ref	float	Reference emission rate [kg/h] — scale linearly for other rates
internal:current_id	int64	Current sample position at this level (0-indexed). Enables O(1) random access and relational JOINs (ZIP, FOLDER, TACOCAT).
internal:parent_id	int64	Foreign key referencing parent sample position in previous level (ZIP, FOLDER, TACOCAT).

Loading the Dataset

# pip install tacoreader
import tacoreader

# Load dataset
ds = tacoreader.load("methane-plume-bank.tacozip")

# Basic info
print(f"ID: {ds.id}")
print(f"Version: {ds.version}")
print(f"Samples: {len(ds.data)}")

# Coming soon: R support is planned but not yet available
# install.packages("tacoreader")
library(tacoreader)

# Load dataset
ds <- load_taco("methane-plume-bank.tacozip")

# Basic info
cat(sprintf("ID: %s\n", ds$id))
cat(sprintf("Version: %s\n", ds$version))
cat(sprintf("Samples: %d\n", nrow(ds$data)))

# Coming soon: Julia support is planned but not yet available
# using Pkg; Pkg.add("TacoReader")
using TacoReader

# Load dataset
ds = load_taco("methane-plume-bank.tacozip")

# Basic info
println("ID: ", ds.id)
println("Version: ", ds.version)
println("Samples: ", size(ds.data, 1))

Providers & Curators

Data Providers

Image and Signal Processing Group (ISP-UV) producer

LARS-UPV producer

Dataset Curators

Name	Organization	Email
Cesar Aybar	Image and Signal Processing Group, University of Valencia	csaybar@uv.es

Publications & Citations

How to Cite This Dataset

If you use this dataset in your research, please cite:

10.5281/zenodo.18161182

Gorroño, J., Pei, Z., & Guanter, L. (2025). Benchmark simulations for methane emissions validation and sensitivity studies. Zenodo.

10.5194/egusphere-2025-4924

Gorroño, J., et al. (2025). Considering the observation and illumination angular configuration for improved methane detection. EGUsphere.

BibTeX

@dataset{methane-plume-bank2,
  title = {MethanePlumeBank: Synthetic Methane Plume Bank from WRF-LES Simulations},
  author = {Cesar Aybar},
  year = {2024},
  version = {2.0.0},
  publisher = {Image and Signal Processing Group, University of Valencia}
}